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Lucius Cornelius Lentulus Crus (bef. 97 BC - 48 BC) was Consul of the Roman Republic in 49 BC, an opponent of Caesar and supporter of Pompeius in the Civil War during 49 – 48 BC. ==Family and political career== Born sometime before 97 BC,〔MRR gives his praetorship in 58 BC. Under the ''cursus honorum'' he could not have been praetor until he was aged 39, so he would have been born in or before 97 BC.〕 son of a Publius Lentulus,〔MRR II, s.a. 49 BC (AUC 705) “L. Cornelius P.f. - n. Lentulus Crus Pat.”〕 his origins are otherwise unknown, though he was most likely a member of the patrician Cornelii Lentuli branch of the gens Cornelia family. Details of Crus' younger years are not known. In 72 BC, Caesar's man Balbus, acquired his Roman citizenship for service under Pompeius against Quintus Sertorius in Spain.〔Cicero, (''pro Balbo'' 5 )〕 On the basis of the Roman names he took – Lucius Cornelius Balbus – and on the basis of later letters to Cicero,〔Cicero, (''ad Att.'' viii.15 ); (''ad Att.'' ix.7b )〕 it is possible〔Syme, p.44 n.2: Balbus acknowledges “an especial tie of loyalty” to Crus〕 that both Balbus ''major'' and ''minor'' obtained citizenship with the sponsorship of L. Cornelius Lentulus Crus,〔Pauly-Wissowa RE 218〕 who may then have been serving with Pompeius as a legate (Pompeius was there 76 BC to 71 BC; had Crus been born c. 98 BC, he would have been between the ages of 22 and 27 at the time). In 61 BC he was the chief prosecutor of Publius Clodius Pulcher〔Tatum, pp.80-81〕 at a ''quaestio extraordinaria'' over the latter's violation of the mysteries of the Bona Dea, along with two other Cornelii Lentuli,〔Val.Max IV 2.5: Lentulus Marcellinus (cos. 56 BC) and Lentulus Niger (pr.? 61 BC)〕 in which he failed to secure a conviction due in large part to the bribes which Clodius spread amongst the jurors.〔Cicero, (''ad Att.'' i.16 )〕 Lentulus' rise through the ''cursus honorum'' of political office is not now known prior to his election, during the consulship of Caesar and Bibulus, as Praetor for 58 BC.〔MRR II, s.a. 58 BC (AUC 696)〕 During his term of office Clodius, now a tribune of the people, moved against his enemy Cicero on the basis that the latter, as consul of 63 BC, had put Roman citizens to death without trial. Cicero hoped for Lentulus' aid against Clodius;〔Cicero, (''ad Quintum Fratrem'' i.2 )〕 although the praetor did, with other senior figures, attempt to persuade Pompeius to act to protect Cicero this failed, as Pompeius refused to act against an elected tribune on his own authority.〔Cicero, (''in Pisonem'' 77 )〕 In 51 BC he stood for election to the prestigious priestly board of fifteen men in charge of the Sibylline Books (''Quindecimviri sacris faciundis''),〔MRR II s.a. 51 BC (AUC 703)〕 but was defeated by Publius Cornelius Dolabella (to the amusement of Cicero's correspondent, Marcus Caelius Rufus〔M. Caelius Rufus in Cicero, (''ad Fam.'' viii.4 )〕). In 50 BC he was elected consul for the following year〔MRR II s.a. 49 BC (AUC 705)〕 alongside Claudius Marcellus, as opponents to Caesar,〔Caesar, (''B.G.'' 8.50 )〕 and was an active and vocal participant in the increasingly hysterical scenes〔Meier p.341-346; Plutarch, (''Pomp.'' §59 ); Caesar, (''B.C.'' i.1-5 )〕 in the senate in late 50 and January 49 as Caesar sought to secure a safe consulship whilst a reactionary group of senators sought to have him stripped of command. Finally, on 7 January 49 BC, the senate under Lentulus and Marcellus passed the “final decree” (senatus consultum ultimum);〔Caesar, (''B.C.'' i.5 )〕 the tribunes Antonius and Cassius fled with Caesar's envoy, the younger Curio, from Rome to meet Caesar at Ravenna. On 10th, Caesar famously crossed the Rubicon, starting the Civil War. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lucius Cornelius Lentulus Crus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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